CMake是一个跨平台的安装(编译)工具,可以用简单的语句来描述所有平台的安装(编译过程)。他能够输出各种各样的makefile或者project文件,能测试编译器所支持的C++特性,类似UNIX下的automake。
一、单文件目录
1. 编辑C程序文件,命名为main.c
#include
int main(void) {
printf("Hello World.\n");
return 0;
}
2. 编写CMakeLists.txt文件,保存在main.c同路径下
#Minimum required CMake Version
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6.1)
#Project Name
project(hello)
#把当前目录(.)下所有源代码文件和头文件加入变量SRC_LIST
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIST)
#生成应用程序hello(在windows下生成hello.exe)
ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello ${SRC_LIST})
3. 运行cmake命令生成MakeFile,再运行make命令生成hello可执行程序(为防止文件混乱,可建立build目录,在此目录下运行cmake命令)
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build$ cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/mgh/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 50%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/test1.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test2/build$ ./hello
Hello World.
二、多文件目录
1. 目录结构
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test$ tree test
test
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── print
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── print.c
│ └── print.h
└── test.c
2. 编辑C程序文件
test.c
#include
#include "print/print.h"
int main(void) {
print();
return 0;
}
print.h
#ifndef PRINT_H
#define PRINT_H
extern void print();
#endif
print.c
#include
extern void print(){
printf("Hello World.\n");
}
3. 编辑CMakeLists.txt文件
这种多目录的情况,需要在每个源文件路径中分别编写CMakeLists.txt文件,对应这个例子,需要在test根目录和print目录下编写CMakeLists.txt文件。
为了方便,我们可以先将print目录里的文件编译成静态库再由main函数调用。
test目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件:
#Minimum required CMake Version
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6.1)
#Project Name
project(hello)
#当前目录下所有源文件保存到SRC_LIST中
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIST)
#添加print子目录
add_subdirectory(print)
#指定生成目标
ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello ${SRC_LIST})
#添加链接库
target_link_libraries(hello printFunc)
print目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件:
#当前目录下所有源文件保存到SRC_LIST中
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIB)
#生成链接库
ADD_LIBRARY(printFunc ${SRC_LIB})
4. 编译运行
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test/build$ cmake ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/mgh/桌面/cmake_test/test/build
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test/build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target printFunc
[ 25%] Building C object print/CMakeFiles/printFunc.dir/print.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C static library libprintFunc.a
[ 50%] Built target printFunc
Scanning dependencies of target hello
[ 75%] Building C object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/test.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable hello
[100%] Built target hello
mgh@mgh-OptiPlex-5050:~/桌面/cmake_test/test/build$ ./hello
Hello World.
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